Kamfanoni biyu sun gwada amfani da sinadarin hydrogen don dumama karafa a wata cibiya a Sweden, matakin da daga karshe zai iya taimakawa masana'antar ta zama mai dorewa.
A farkon wannan makon kamfanin Ovako, wanda ya kware wajen kera wani takamaiman karafa da ake kira karfe, ya ce ya hada gwiwa da kamfanin Linde Gas a kan aikin a kamfanin mirgina na Hofors.
Don gwajin, anyi amfani da hydrogen azaman makamashi don samar da zafi maimakon gas mai narkewa. Ovako ya nemi ya nuna fa'idar muhalli ta amfani da sinadarin hydrogen a cikin aikin konewa, yana mai lura da cewa kawai fitowar da ake fitarwa itace tururin ruwa.
"Wannan babban ci gaba ne ga masana'antar karafa," in ji Göran Nyström, mataimakin shugaban zartarwa na Ovako na cinikayyar kungiyoyin da fasaha, a cikin wata sanarwa.
Ya kara da cewa "Wannan shi ne karo na farko da aka yi amfani da sinadarin hydrogen don dumama karfe a wani yanayin samar da shi,"
"Godiya ga gwaji, mun san cewa za a iya amfani da hydrogen cikin sauƙi da sauƙi, ba tare da wani tasiri kan ingancin ƙarfe ba, wanda hakan na nufin raguwa sosai a sawun carbon."
Kamar yadda yake tare da yawancin masana'antun masana'antu, masana'antar ƙarfe tana da tasirin gaske ga mahalli. A cewar Kungiyar Karfe ta Duniya, a matsakaita, an fitar da metric ton 1.85 na carbon dioxide na kowane metric ton na karafa da aka samar a shekarar 2018. Hukumar Kula da Makamashi ta Duniya ta bayyana bangaren karfe da cewa “ya dogara sosai kan kwal, wanda ke samar da kashi 75% na bukatar makamashi. ”
Man fetur ne don nan gaba?
Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta bayyana hydrogen a matsayin mai dauke da makamashi tare da “babbar dama ga tsafta, ingantacciyar wuta a tsaye, šaukuwa da jigilar aikace-aikace.”
Yayinda babu shakka hydrogen yana da damar, akwai wasu kalubale idan yazo da samar dashi.
Kamar yadda Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka ta lura, yawanci hydrogen “baya wanzuwa da kansa a yanayi” kuma ana bukatar samar dashi daga mahaukatan dake dauke dashi.
Yawancin kafofin - daga burbushin halittu da hasken rana, zuwa geothermal - na iya samar da hydrogen. Idan ana amfani da kafofin da za'a iya sabunta su wajen samar da shi, ana yi masa lakabi da “koren hydrogen.”
Duk da yake har yanzu abin damuwa ne, 'yan shekarun da suka gabata sun ga ana amfani da hydrogen a cikin saitunan jigilar mutane da yawa kamar jiragen ƙasa, motoci da bas.
A cikin sabon misali na manyan kamfanonin sufuri da ke daukar matakai don tura fasahar zuwa cikin al'ada, Volvo Group da Daimler Truck kwanan nan sun ba da sanarwar shirye-shiryen hadin gwiwar da ke mai da hankali kan fasahar man-hydrogen-cell.
Kamfanonin biyu sun ce sun kafa wani hadin gwiwar hadin gwiwa na 50/50, suna neman "bunkasa, samarwa da kuma samar da tsarin sel mai amfani da shi don aikace-aikacen abin hawa masu nauyi da kuma sauran abubuwan amfani."